HUMAN ANATOMY 205
SKELETAL SYSTEM STUDY GUIDE
List of Bones (Exs.5 & 6) to Know
[Skull] [Vertebrae] [Rib Cage] [Pectoral Appendage] [Pelvic Appendage]
AXIAL SKELETON
SKULL: Cranium
Coronal suture, Lambdoidal suture, sagittal suture
SKULL: Cranial Bones
1. Ethmoid
cp. Cribriform plate
nc. Nasal concha
pp. Perpendicular plate
2. Frontal
fs.
Frontal sinus
3. Occipital
fm. Foramen magnum
oc.
Occipital condyle
4. Parietal
5. Sphenoid
of. Optic
foramen
st.
Sella turcica
ss.
Sphenoidal sinus
6. Temporal
mp. Mastoid process
sp. Styloid process
mf. Mandibular fossa
tmj. Temporomandibular
joint
zp. Zygomatic process
7. Wormian
SKULL: Facial Bones
8. Lacrimal
9. Maxilla
ap.
Alveolar process
pp. Palatine process
10. Nasal
11. Palatine
12. Vomer
13. Zygomatic
14. Mandible
cnp.
Condyloid process
crp. Coronoid
process
ap. Alveolar process
Study various skull views: Anterior view, Lateral view, Inferior view, Medial view of sagittal section; superior view of cranial cavity
15. Hyoid
Ear ossicles (6 bones assigned later with ear)
VERTEBRAL COLUMN
General Structures:
c. Body (Centrum)
f. Inferior articular process
g. Superior articular process
h. Spinous process
i. Transverse process
j. Vertebral foramen
k. Intervertebral foramen
Regional Characteristics:
16. Cervical
a. Atlas (1st cervical)
b. Axis (2nd cervical)
c. Body & d. Dens
e. Transverse foramen
17. Thoracic
Facet for rib
18. Lumbar
19. Sacrum
Sacral promontory
20.
Coccyx
RIB CAGE
21. Ribs
a. Intercostal
space
h. Head, n. Neck, t.
Tubercle, s. Shaft
fsr.
False ribs & for. Floating ribs
tr. True ribs
Costal cartilages
22. Sternum
b. Body, m. Manubrium
xp.
Xiphoid process
APPENDICULAR SKELETON:Pectoral
PECTORAL GIRDLE
23. Clavicle
a. acromial
end (lateral end)
s. sternal
end (medial end)
24. Scapula a. superior, b. medial
(vertebral), and
c. lateral (axillary) borders
d. superior, e. inferior and f. lateral angles
g. spine
h. supraspinous fossa
i. infraspinous fossa
j. subscapular fossa
k. coracoid process
l. acromion process
m. glenoid fossa (cavity)
BRACHIUM
25. Humerus (proximal)
h. head
an. anatomical neck
sn. surgical
neck
gt. greater and lt. lesser tubercle
25. Humerus (distal)
me. medial
and le. lateral epicondyle
lc. capitulum
(lateral condyle)
mc. trochlea (medial condyle)
of. olecranon fossa
FOREARM
26. Radius
h. Head (articulates with capitulum)
n. Neck
s. Shaft
sp. Styloid process (distal)
27. Ulna
o. Olecranon process
t. Trochlear (semilunar) notch (articulates with c. trochlea
on distal humerus)
s. Shaft
sp. Styloid process (distal)
WRIST AND HAND
28. Metacarpals (1st to 5th)
29. Phalanges [Distal, Middle, Proximal]
Interphalangeal joint
APPENDICULAR:Pelvic
PELVIC GIRDLE
30. Os coxae (right and left)
a. True (lesser) and b. False (greater) pelvis
c.Pelvic brim
d.Pelvic inlet
e. Acetabulum
f. Ilium
Anterior superior iliac spine
Anterior inferior iliac spine
Posterior superior iliac spine
Posterior inferior iliac spine
Greater sciatic notch
Iliac crest
g. Ischium
Obturator foramen
h. Pubis
Pubic symphysis
Pubic arch
i. Sacroiliac articulation
THIGH
31. Femur (proximal)
gt.
Greater and lt. lesser trochanter
h.Head,
n. Neck
31. Femur (distal)
lc.
Lateral and mc. medial condyle
le. Lateral
and me. medial epicondyle
32.Patella
LOWER LEG
33. Fibula
h. Head
lm. Lateral malleolus (distal)
34. Tibia
mc. Medial and lc. lateral condyle
ac. Anterior crest
mm. Medial malleolus (distal)
ANKLE AND FOOT
35.
36. Calcaneus
37. Talus
38. Metatarsus (1st to 5th)
29. Phalanges [Distal, Middle, Proxinmal]
Interphalangeal joint
FETAL SKELETON:
Fetal skull
Anterior fontanel and
posterior fontanel (not present on our lab specimen)
Frontal suture (frontal bone)
Sagittal suture (parietal bones)
Occipital bone
Maxilla and mandible
Mandibular symphysis
Coronal suture
Fetal os coxae (3
separate bones)
Ilium
Ischium
Pubis
Exercise 7 Articulations
Fibrous
Joints
Sutures [Cronal, sagittal, Lambdoidal
Syndesmosis
Cartilaginous
joints
Synchondrosis
Symphysis [pubic symphysis]
Synovial Joints
Six Types:
See Movements and biomechanics: